Adults only (18+)

Can Epilepsy Cause Mood Swings and Unreasonable Behaviour?

Epilepsy is a neurological condition characterised by recurrent seizures caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Beyond the physical symptoms of seizures, epilepsy can also affect emotional wellbeing and behaviour. Many people with epilepsy and their families notice mood swings, irritability, or what might be described as unreasonable behaviour. Understanding the connection between epilepsy and these psychological changes helps provide better care and support. This article explores how epilepsy can influence mood and behaviour, the reasons behind these changes, and what can be done to manage them, based on trusted UK health information.

How Epilepsy Affects Mood and Behaviour

Epilepsy affects brain regions involved in emotion regulation, such as the temporal lobes and limbic system. Seizures and abnormal electrical activity can disrupt the normal balance of neurotransmitters—chemical messengers in the brain—that influence mood and behaviour. This disruption can lead to mood swings, anxiety, depression, irritability, or impulsivity in some people with epilepsy.

Seizure-Related Behavioural Changes

Mood swings and changes in behaviour can occur before, during, or after seizures. Some people experience irritability or agitation as part of an aura or warning sign. Postictal states, the recovery period after a seizure, may involve confusion, emotional lability, or unusual behaviour lasting minutes to hours.

Impact of Anti-Epileptic Medications

Certain anti-epileptic drugs can contribute to mood changes or behavioural side effects. For example, medications like levetiracetam or topiramate have been associated with irritability or mood disturbances in some individuals. Finding the right medication and dose with minimal side effects is an important part of epilepsy management.

Psychological and Social Factors

Living with epilepsy can be stressful and challenging, affecting self-esteem, independence, and social interactions. Anxiety about seizures, stigma, or lifestyle limitations can contribute to mood swings or behavioural issues. Coexisting mental health conditions such as depression or anxiety are more common in people with epilepsy.

Recognising and Managing Mood and Behavioural Changes

It is important to acknowledge these emotional and behavioural symptoms as part of epilepsy care. Psychological support, counselling, or cognitive behavioural therapy can help manage mood swings and improve coping skills. Open communication with healthcare providers about these symptoms ensures comprehensive treatment.

When to Seek Professional Help

If mood swings or behavioural changes become frequent, severe, or impact daily life, professional evaluation is essential. Adjustments in medication, mental health treatment, or support services may be recommended.

Myths and Misconceptions

A common misconception is that mood swings or unreasonable behaviour in epilepsy are signs of character flaws or intentional actions. In reality, these symptoms often have a neurological or psychological basis and require understanding and medical care.

Final Thought

Epilepsy can cause mood swings and changes in behaviour due to brain activity, seizures, medication effects, and psychological factors. Recognising these symptoms as part of the condition helps ensure they are managed appropriately, improving overall wellbeing for people living with epilepsy.