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Can Sleep Apnea Kill You? Understanding the Risks and Importance of Treatment

Sleep apnea is a serious sleep disorder characterised by repeated pauses in breathing during sleep. These interruptions can last for several seconds and occur many times throughout the night, leading to poor sleep quality and reduced oxygen levels in the body. Because of its impact on vital functions, untreated sleep apnea can increase the risk of life-threatening complications, making it a potentially fatal condition if left unmanaged.

How Sleep Apnea Affects the Body

During an apnea event, the airway becomes blocked (in obstructive sleep apnea) or the brain fails to signal the muscles to breathe (in central sleep apnea). This causes oxygen levels in the blood to drop and carbon dioxide to rise, placing stress on the cardiovascular system. The body briefly wakes to restore normal breathing, fragmenting sleep and preventing restorative rest.

Risks Associated with Untreated Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is linked to an increased risk of high blood pressure, heart attack, stroke, irregular heart rhythms and heart failure. The repeated drops in oxygen and disturbed sleep strain the heart and blood vessels. Excessive daytime sleepiness caused by poor sleep also raises the risk of accidents, including fatal car crashes.

Potential for Fatal Outcomes

While sleep apnea itself may not directly cause sudden death, its complications—such as heart disease or stroke—can be fatal. Severe untreated sleep apnea significantly increases the risk of these serious health problems. Additionally, very severe cases of apnea can lead to dangerous drops in oxygen that may cause cardiac arrest during sleep.

Importance of Diagnosis and Treatment

Timely diagnosis through a sleep study and effective treatment are crucial to reduce risks. Treatments like Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) keep the airway open during sleep, improving oxygen levels and sleep quality. Lifestyle changes, such as weight loss and avoiding alcohol or sedatives, also help manage the condition.

When to Seek Medical Advice

If you experience symptoms like loud snoring, choking or gasping during sleep, excessive daytime sleepiness, morning headaches or difficulty concentrating, it is important to consult a healthcare professional promptly.

In Summary

Sleep apnea can increase the risk of serious and potentially fatal health problems if untreated. With proper diagnosis and treatment, most people with sleep apnea can reduce these risks and lead healthy lives.