Adults only (18+)

What Are the Early Warning Signs of Psoriatic Arthritis?

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory arthritis that affects some people with psoriasis, a skin condition characterised by red, scaly patches. Early detection of psoriatic arthritis is important to prevent joint damage and manage symptoms effectively. Recognising the early warning signs can help individuals seek timely medical advice and treatment.

Joint Pain and Stiffness

One of the earliest signs of psoriatic arthritis is joint pain, stiffness and swelling. This often affects the fingers and toes but can involve any joint in the body. Morning stiffness lasting more than 30 minutes is common and may improve with movement during the day. The pain may come and go initially.

Swollen Fingers and Toes (Dactylitis)

A distinctive early symptom of PsA is dactylitis, where entire fingers or toes become swollen and sausage-shaped due to inflammation of the joints and surrounding tendons. This swelling is often tender and can cause difficulty with hand or foot function.

Nail Changes

Changes in the nails are common early signs. These can include pitting (small dents on the nail surface), ridging, thickening or separation of the nail from the nail bed. Nail symptoms often precede or accompany joint involvement.

Enthesitis

Enthesitis refers to inflammation at the sites where tendons and ligaments attach to bone. Common areas affected include the Achilles tendon at the back of the ankle or the plantar fascia under the foot. This can cause localized pain and tenderness.

Fatigue and General Malaise

Many people with early PsA experience fatigue, a general feeling of being unwell and sometimes low-grade fever. These systemic symptoms reflect the inflammatory nature of the disease.

Skin Symptoms

Since PsA is linked to psoriasis, skin symptoms such as red, scaly patches on the scalp, elbows, knees or other areas may appear before or alongside joint symptoms.

Reduced Range of Motion

Early joint inflammation can limit movement, causing difficulty in bending or straightening fingers, knees or other affected joints.

When to Seek Medical Advice

If you have psoriasis and notice joint pain, swelling, stiffness or nail changes, it is important to consult a healthcare professional promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment help prevent joint damage and improve long-term outcomes.

Summary

Early warning signs of psoriatic arthritis include joint pain and stiffness, swollen fingers or toes, nail changes, enthesitis, fatigue and skin symptoms. Recognising these signs early enables timely medical evaluation and management.