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How to Relieve Kidney Pain While Pregnant

Pregnancy brings many physical changes, and while some discomfort is expected, certain types of pain can feel more worrying than others. One example is kidney pain, which may feel like an ache or sharp pain in your side or lower back. When you're pregnant, any unusual discomfort can be a source of anxiety, especially when it's difficult to tell what is normal and what needs medical attention.

Kidney pain during pregnancy can have several causes, from simple pressure changes to infections or kidney stones. While not all pain is serious, it’s important to understand what could be happening and how to relieve discomfort safely while protecting both your health and your baby’s.

What Does Kidney Pain Feel Like in Pregnancy?

Kidney pain is usually felt in the back, on one or both sides, just beneath the ribs. It can also radiate towards the abdomen, groin or side. The pain may be dull and constant or sharp and cramping. In pregnancy, it can be difficult to tell kidney pain apart from general back pain or discomfort from the growing uterus. However, kidney pain is usually deeper and more focused and may be accompanied by other signs such as changes in urination, fever or nausea.

Common Causes of Kidney Pain During Pregnancy

One of the most common causes of kidney pain in pregnancy is a urinary tract infection that has moved up into the kidneys. This is known as pyelonephritis, and it can happen more easily in pregnancy due to hormonal changes and pressure on the urinary tract. A kidney infection can be serious during pregnancy and needs prompt medical treatment.

Kidney stones are another possible cause. While not as common during pregnancy, they can still occur and cause severe, cramping pain on one side, often with blood in the urine or pain when passing urine.

In later pregnancy, the growing uterus can press on the ureters, which are the tubes connecting the kidneys to the bladder. This can cause a backup of urine, known as hydronephrosis, which may lead to pressure and aching in the back or side.

Safe Ways to Relieve Kidney Pain While Pregnant

The first step is to ensure the pain is not caused by an infection or kidney stone, as these conditions require medical care. If your midwife or doctor has ruled out any serious problem and the pain is mild, there are gentle ways to help ease discomfort.

Using a warm (not hot) compress on your lower back or side may help relax the area and reduce pain. Avoid applying heat directly to your abdomen, and make sure the compress is not too hot by testing it on your arm first. Warm baths can also help soothe muscle tension, but again, avoid soaking in very hot water.

Staying well hydrated is important during pregnancy and can also help prevent urinary infections or kidney stones. Aim to drink plenty of water throughout the day unless your doctor has advised otherwise. Hydration helps keep urine diluted and encourages regular flushing of the urinary system.

Resting in a comfortable position may relieve pressure on your kidneys. Lying on your left side can improve circulation and reduce strain on your back. Using cushions to support your bump and back can help you find a more relaxed position. Avoid lying flat on your back in the later stages of pregnancy, as this can reduce blood flow to the baby.

Some gentle pregnancy-safe stretches or walking may also reduce pressure and help keep your body moving without overexertion. If you’re unsure what movement is safe, your midwife or a physiotherapist trained in antenatal care can offer advice.

If you’re in discomfort and need pain relief, paracetamol is generally considered safe to use in pregnancy. Always follow the dosage instructions and check with your GP, midwife or pharmacist before taking any medication.

When to Seek Medical Advice

Kidney pain during pregnancy should always be taken seriously, especially if it is severe, long-lasting or comes with other symptoms. You should contact your midwife, GP or maternity unit urgently if you experience sharp or severe pain on one or both sides, a fever or chills, nausea or vomiting, pain or burning when passing urine, needing to urinate more often or producing very little urine, blood in your urine or a general feeling of being unwell. These may be signs of a kidney infection or blockage that needs prompt treatment. Kidney infections can increase the risk of complications during pregnancy, including preterm labour, so it’s important not to delay getting help.

Preventing Kidney Pain During Pregnancy

To reduce your risk of kidney pain, focus on staying hydrated, going to the toilet as soon as you feel the urge, and practising good hygiene. Urinate after sex and wipe from front to back to prevent bacteria from entering the urinary tract. Avoid holding in urine for long periods, as this can increase pressure on the kidneys. Eating a balanced diet rich in fibre and nutrients can also help reduce the risk of constipation, which may contribute to discomfort or pressure in the abdomen.

Emotional Impact of Pain in Pregnancy

Experiencing pain during pregnancy can feel unsettling, especially if you're unsure of the cause. It's perfectly natural to feel anxious or concerned about your baby’s wellbeing. Speaking to your midwife or GP can help you feel more reassured and supported. There is no need to wait until things feel worse—early conversations can prevent complications and give you peace of mind.

Final Thoughts

Kidney pain during pregnancy can be caused by several issues, some of which are harmless while others may need medical treatment. Gentle home remedies such as warm compresses, hydration and rest can help ease mild discomfort, but it is vital to speak to your midwife or GP if you are in doubt. Prompt care helps protect your health and your baby’s, ensuring a more comfortable pregnancy overall.