Adults only (18+)

How to Relieve the Pain from a Burn

Burns are painful injuries that can happen in an instant, whether from touching something hot, spilling boiling water or coming into contact with chemicals or electricity. The pain from a burn can feel sharp, stinging or throbbing and may continue for several hours depending on the severity. Knowing how to relieve the pain from a burn quickly and safely can bring both physical comfort and peace of mind.

Burns vary in seriousness, from minor surface burns that affect the outer layer of skin to deeper injuries that require medical attention. Immediate first aid and proper care can help reduce pain, limit damage and support the healing process.

Understanding Different Types of Burns

Burns are usually classified into three categories. Superficial burns, also known as first-degree burns, only affect the top layer of skin and are typically red, sore and dry without blisters. Partial-thickness burns, or second-degree burns, go deeper and may cause blistering, swelling and more intense pain. Full-thickness burns, also called third-degree burns, damage all layers of the skin and may appear white, brown or charred. These can sometimes be less painful initially due to nerve damage but are serious and always require urgent care.

The most common causes of burns include contact with hot surfaces, scalding liquids, steam, sunburn, friction and certain chemicals. Electrical burns and inhalation injuries can also be very serious and should always be assessed by medical professionals.

What to Do Immediately After a Burn

The first step after any burn is to cool the area as quickly as possible. Run cool or lukewarm water over the affected area for at least twenty minutes. If you are unable to run water continuously, a clean cloth soaked in cool water can also help reduce pain and heat. Do not use ice or very cold water, as this can damage the skin further.

Remove any jewellery or tight clothing near the area, unless stuck to the burn. If clothing is stuck to the skin, leave it in place and seek medical advice. Do not break any blisters that form, as this increases the risk of infection. After cooling the area, gently pat it dry and cover it with a sterile, non-stick dressing or clean cling film to protect the skin and keep it clean.

How to Relieve Pain After First Aid

Once you have cooled the area and covered the burn, you can use pain relief to manage ongoing discomfort. Paracetamol or ibuprofen can be taken if suitable for you and can help ease both pain and inflammation. Always follow the dosage instructions and speak to a pharmacist if you have other health conditions or take other medications.

Raising the burned area, if possible, can help reduce swelling and throbbing. Wearing loose, breathable clothing around the area will minimise friction and help keep you comfortable. Keeping the room at a moderate temperature may also help if the burn feels more painful when the skin is warm.

Applying aloe vera gel or an after-sun lotion to mild sunburn can offer a soothing effect. However, avoid using oily creams, butter or toothpaste on any type of burn, as these can trap heat and worsen the injury.

When to Seek Medical Help for a Burn

You should always seek medical attention if the burn is larger than the palm of your hand, affects the face, hands, feet or genitals, or was caused by chemicals, electricity or inhalation. Burns in children or older adults should be taken seriously and checked by a healthcare professional, even if they appear minor.

If the skin is white or charred, or if blisters are large and the pain is intense, it is best to attend A&E or call 999. Burns that do not heal after a few days, show signs of infection such as redness, pus or increasing pain, should be seen by a GP or nurse.

Caring for Healing Skin

Burns can take several days or even weeks to heal depending on their depth. During this time, the skin may feel tight, itchy or sensitive. Keeping the area clean and dry is important, and dressings should be changed as advised by a nurse or GP. Avoiding sun exposure on the healing area can help prevent further irritation and reduce the risk of long-term scarring.

If scarring does occur, using an unperfumed moisturiser and gentle massage may help soften the tissue. In some cases, silicone gels or sheets may be recommended to reduce scar formation.

The Emotional Impact of Burns

Even minor burns can feel distressing, especially when the pain interferes with sleep or daily activities. Some people feel anxious, embarrassed or upset by the appearance of the injury. This is completely understandable. Allowing time for both physical and emotional healing is important. If you feel overwhelmed, your GP or a support service can help you talk through your feelings and offer reassurance during recovery.

Final Thought

Burns can be painful and unsettling, but the right first aid and care can make a big difference. Cooling the area quickly, managing pain effectively and protecting the skin while it heals will help you recover more comfortably. Always seek medical advice if the burn is large, deep or caused by chemicals, electricity or steam. With gentle care and support, most minor burns will heal without long-term problems.