Adults only (18+)

How to Relieve the Pain of Period

Period pain, also known as dysmenorrhoea, is a common experience that affects many people during their menstrual cycle. For some, it may feel like a mild, dull ache in the lower abdomen. For others, the pain can be intense, cramping or even radiate into the back and thighs, making daily life more difficult. While period pain is often a natural part of the cycle, it does not mean you have to suffer in silence. There are safe, effective ways to relieve the discomfort and help you feel more at ease throughout your period.

Pain usually begins just before or at the start of a period and tends to last for a couple of days. Understanding what causes period pain, how to manage it, and when to seek advice can give you more control over your menstrual health and allow you to carry on with everyday life as comfortably as possible.

Why Period Pain Happens

Period pain is usually caused by the natural tightening of the muscles in the womb. Each month, the lining of the womb builds up in preparation for a possible pregnancy. If pregnancy does not occur, the body sheds this lining during a period. To do this, the womb contracts to help push the lining out. These contractions are triggered by hormone-like substances called prostaglandins. Higher levels of prostaglandins can cause stronger contractions and more intense pain.

Period pain is especially common in teenagers and younger women, often improving with age or after childbirth. Some people also experience secondary dysmenorrhoea, which is period pain caused by an underlying condition such as endometriosis, fibroids or pelvic inflammatory disease. This type of pain may get worse over time and may not respond to usual treatments.

How to Soothe Period Pain at Home

There are many simple yet effective ways to manage period pain at home. Applying gentle heat to your lower abdomen using a hot water bottle or warm heat pad can help relax the muscles and ease cramping. Some people find that warm baths or showers have a similar calming effect on the body and mind.

Staying active can also help reduce pain. Although it may feel counterintuitive when you are tired or uncomfortable, light exercise such as walking, stretching or yoga can increase blood flow and release natural pain-relieving endorphins. Rest is equally important, and listening to your body is key. Try to get enough sleep and find time to unwind during your period.

Over-the-counter pain relief such as ibuprofen or naproxen can be helpful in reducing inflammation and easing cramps. These anti-inflammatory medications work best when taken at the first sign of discomfort or even just before your period begins if your cycle is regular. If you cannot take anti-inflammatories, paracetamol may still provide some relief.

Diet and Lifestyle Support

Some people find that cutting back on caffeine, alcohol or salty foods in the days leading up to a period can reduce bloating and tenderness. Eating a balanced diet rich in fruit, vegetables and whole grains supports overall hormone balance. Gentle herbal teas like chamomile or peppermint may help calm the digestive system and ease tension.

Staying hydrated is also important, as it helps reduce water retention and support energy levels. You might also consider magnesium or vitamin B1 supplements, although you should speak to a pharmacist or GP before starting any new supplement.

Medical Options for Ongoing Period Pain

If home remedies are not enough or your pain interferes with daily life, there are medical treatments that can help. Hormonal contraceptives such as the pill, patch, implant or intrauterine system (IUS) can reduce period pain by thinning the womb lining and often making periods lighter or less frequent. Your GP can talk you through the options to find what works best for your needs.

In more severe cases or where an underlying condition is suspected, further investigations such as a pelvic ultrasound may be recommended. Depending on the diagnosis, specialist treatment or surgery may be advised. Your GP can guide you through the referral process if needed.

When to See a Doctor

While mild to moderate period pain is very common, you should speak to your GP if your pain is getting worse, lasting longer than a few days, not improving with over-the-counter medication or affecting your ability to work, study or carry out daily tasks. You should also seek advice if you experience other symptoms such as heavy bleeding, bleeding between periods, pain during sex or a change in your cycle.

These may be signs of a treatable condition that requires medical attention. It is important to feel heard and supported when discussing menstrual health, so do not hesitate to reach out if something does not feel right.

Emotional and Mental Wellbeing

Period pain is not just physical. It can also affect your mood, concentration and emotional wellbeing. The hormonal changes that occur during a period can leave you feeling more sensitive, anxious or irritable. Fatigue, discomfort and disrupted sleep can add to these feelings. Being kind to yourself during this time is important. If you feel your emotions are difficult to manage or if period pain is impacting your mental health, talking to your GP or a support service can help.

Final Thought

Period pain is a normal part of life for many people, but that does not mean you have to endure it without support. From warm compresses and rest to exercise and medication, there are many ways to relieve the pain of a period and look after your wellbeing. If pain becomes too much or starts affecting your daily life, your GP can help you explore safe and effective treatment options. You deserve to feel supported and comfortable throughout your menstrual cycle.