Adults only (18+)

Is THC Legal in the UK?

Current Legal Status

THC, or tetrahydrocannabinol, is classified as a Class B controlled substance under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. This means it is illegal to possess, supply, produce or import THC or any cannabis product containing THC without special legal permission. The law treats THC as a substance with potential for harm and misuse.

Recreational Use

Recreational cannabis use remains illegal across the UK. Even small amounts for personal use can result in a warning, a fine or arrest depending on the circumstances. First-time offenders may receive a cannabis warning or a penalty notice, but repeat offences can lead to criminal charges and court proceedings.

Penalties for Offences

The penalties for THC-related offences vary. Possession can result in up to five years in prison, an unlimited fine or both. Supplying or producing THC-based products can lead to a maximum sentence of 14 years imprisonment. While enforcement can vary by region, THC possession is still considered a criminal offence under UK law.

Medical Cannabis and Prescription Access

Since November 2018, certain cannabis-based products for medicinal use have been legal under very specific conditions. These products may contain THC and can be prescribed only by specialist doctors for limited conditions, such as treatment-resistant epilepsy, multiple sclerosis or chemotherapy-induced nausea. Access remains restricted, and prescriptions are relatively rare within the NHS.

CBD Products and THC Limits

CBD, another cannabinoid found in cannabis, is legal to buy and sell in the UK provided it contains no more than trace amounts of THC. Any product that contains more than one milligram of THC per container is considered a controlled substance. Retailers and manufacturers must follow strict rules regarding labelling, safety and approved sources.

Enforcement Trends

Although the law is clear, enforcement has shifted slightly in recent years. Some police forces may issue community resolutions or warnings for small amounts of cannabis, particularly for first-time users. However, these approaches do not make cannabis legal and do not change the fact that THC remains a controlled substance.

Potential Reform and Ongoing Debate

There is an ongoing national debate around cannabis reform. Some public health advocates and local authorities support decriminalisation or regulated access to cannabis. Despite this, the UK government continues to classify cannabis and THC as Class B substances with no plans for legalisation at this time.

Key Takeaways 

THC is not legal for recreational use in the UK. Possession and supply of THC can lead to serious legal consequences. While some cannabis-based medicines are legal under specialist prescription, general use of THC remains against the law. Products such as CBD oils are permitted only if they comply with very strict THC limits.