Adults only (18+)

Legal Status of Cannabis in Romania

Cannabis is illegal for both recreational and medical use in Romania. Despite a 2013 law permitting the use of cannabis derivatives with low tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content for medical purposes, cannabis remains classified as a high-risk drug. Consequently, its use is prohibited, and no cannabis-based medications are available on the market.

Possession and Public Use

Possession of cannabis for recreational purposes is strictly prohibited in Romania. Individuals found in possession of even small amounts can face severe penalties, including imprisonment. Public consumption of cannabis is also illegal and can lead to fines or other legal consequences. Enforcement of these laws is stringent, and authorities maintain a zero-tolerance approach towards cannabis use.

Medical Cannabis

Although medical cannabis was technically legalised in 2013, its use remains highly restricted. The law permits the use of cannabis derivatives with less than 0.2% THC content for medical purposes. However, cannabis is still classified as a high-risk drug, and no cannabis-based medications are available on the market. Patients cannot obtain cannabis-based treatments through prescriptions, and the medical cannabis programme has not been fully implemented.

Cultivation

Cultivation of cannabis plants is illegal in Romania. The law does not distinguish between cannabis used for recreational or medical purposes; all cultivation is prohibited. Only licensed entities authorised by the government may cultivate cannabis for specific purposes, such as industrial hemp production. Individuals found cultivating cannabis without proper authorisation can face criminal charges and severe penalties.

Driving Under the Influence

Driving under the influence of cannabis is illegal in Romania. Law enforcement agencies are authorised to conduct roadside sobriety tests, and individuals found impaired by cannabis may face fines, licence suspension, or imprisonment. The legal limit for THC in the blood is not clearly defined, but any detectable amount can lead to legal consequences. Romania enforces strict measures to ensure road safety and prevent drug-impaired driving.

Tourists and Cannabis Laws

Tourists visiting Romania should be aware that recreational cannabis use is illegal. Possession, use, or trafficking of cannabis can lead to arrest and prosecution. Medical cannabis laws apply only to residents registered with the state programme. Visitors are advised to comply fully with local laws to avoid legal issues during their stay.

Public Perception and Cultural Context

Cannabis use in Romania remains a topic of debate. Public opinion is gradually shifting, with increasing support for medical cannabis legalisation. However, recreational use continues to face strong legal and social opposition. The state's approach to cannabis is influenced by political, cultural, and public health considerations. Discussions about potential reforms are ongoing, but significant changes to cannabis laws have not yet occurred.

Recent Developments and Future Outlook

While Romania has not legalised cannabis for recreational or general medical use, there have been discussions and legislative efforts aimed at reform. In 2024, the Romanian government issued a draft law amending the legal regime of narcotic and psychotropic plants, substances, and preparations. The draft law aims to establish a legal framework for medical cannabis, including provisions for cultivation, processing, and distribution. However, the draft law has not yet been enacted, and the future of cannabis legislation in Romania remains uncertain.

In Summary

Cannabis is illegal for both recreational and medical use in Romania. Possession, use, and cultivation are prohibited and subject to penalties. Driving under the influence is illegal. Tourists should adhere to local laws to avoid legal issues. While public opinion is shifting, significant legislative changes regarding cannabis legalisation have not yet occurred in the country.