Adults only (18+)

Is Rheumatoid Arthritis an Autoimmune Disease?

Yes, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease. It occurs when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues, specifically targeting the lining of the joints known as the synovium. This immune response causes chronic inflammation, pain, swelling and eventual joint damage.

How Rheumatoid Arthritis Develops

In rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system becomes overactive and produces antibodies that attack healthy joint tissues. This leads to persistent inflammation that thickens the synovium and damages cartilage and bone. Unlike osteoarthritis, which results from wear and tear, RA is driven by immune system dysfunction.

Why This Matters for Treatment

Since RA is autoimmune, treatment focuses on controlling the immune response and reducing inflammation. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and biologic therapies are designed to target specific parts of the immune system to slow disease progression and prevent joint damage.

Symptoms Beyond the Joints

Because RA is systemic, it can also affect other organs such as the lungs, heart and eyes. Early diagnosis and management are essential to minimise complications and improve quality of life.

Summary

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease characterised by the immune system attacking joint tissues. Understanding its autoimmune nature guides effective treatment strategies aimed at controlling inflammation and preventing damage.