Adults only (18+)

What Does Rheumatoid Arthritis Feel Like?

The Nature of Rheumatoid Arthritis Symptoms

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterised by inflammation that primarily targets the joints but can also affect other parts of the body. The experience of RA is multifaceted, often beginning subtly before progressing to more pronounced symptoms. Many people with RA describe the initial sensations as aching and stiffness, typically centred around small joints such as those in the hands, wrists and feet. Unlike mechanical joint pain, RA pain often feels deep, persistent and can be accompanied by swelling and warmth in the affected areas.

Pain and Stiffness

A key feature of rheumatoid arthritis is morning stiffness, which usually lasts longer than 30 minutes and sometimes extends for several hours. This stiffness can make even simple movements feel difficult and slow. The pain is often symmetrical, affecting the same joints on both sides of the body, and can be throbbing or burning in nature. Unlike osteoarthritis, RA pain may improve slightly with gentle activity but tends to worsen with prolonged use or during flare-ups.

Swelling, Warmth and Tenderness

Inflammation causes the joints to swell and feel warm to the touch. This swelling can make the joints look visibly enlarged or puffy, and they are often tender when pressed. The skin around the joints may appear red or flushed during active inflammation. Over time, persistent swelling can lead to joint deformities and reduced mobility.

Fatigue and Systemic Symptoms

RA is a systemic disease, meaning it can affect the entire body, not just the joints. Many people experience profound fatigue that is not relieved by rest, alongside a general feeling of malaise or being unwell. Low-grade fever, weight loss and muscle weakness are also common during flare-ups. These systemic symptoms reflect the widespread inflammation characteristic of RA.

Impact on Function and Daily Life

The pain, stiffness and swelling of RA can severely limit joint function. Tasks that require fine motor skills, such as buttoning clothes or writing, may become challenging. Larger joint involvement can impair walking, standing or lifting. As the disease progresses, joint damage can lead to deformities that further reduce function. The unpredictability of symptoms can also cause anxiety and affect mental wellbeing.

Variability and Flare-Ups

Symptoms of RA often fluctuate, with periods of relative calm interspersed with flare-ups of increased pain, swelling and stiffness. These flares can be triggered by stress, infections or changes in medication. Managing RA requires careful monitoring to adjust treatments and minimise the impact of flares on daily life.

Summary

Rheumatoid arthritis feels like persistent, symmetrical joint pain and stiffness, accompanied by swelling, warmth and tenderness. Fatigue and systemic symptoms add to the burden, while fluctuating flare-ups can challenge physical function and emotional health. Understanding these experiences helps guide timely diagnosis and comprehensive management.