Adults only (18+)

Legal Status of Cannabis in Malta

Malta has become the first European Union country to legalise the cultivation and consumption of cannabis for recreational use. This significant change in legislation was enacted on 14 December 2021, allowing adults aged 18 and over to possess, cultivate, and consume cannabis within specified limits. The law aims to regulate cannabis use and reduce the burden on the criminal justice system for minor offences.

Possession and Public Use

Under the new legislation, individuals are permitted to possess up to 7 grams of cannabis for personal use. Possession of larger quantities, up to 28 grams, may result in a fine ranging from €50 to €100, but does not lead to a criminal record. Public consumption of cannabis remains prohibited and can incur fines of up to €235, with higher penalties if consumed in the presence of minors. Consumption is restricted to private spaces or designated areas within cannabis associations.

Cultivation for Personal Use

Adults are allowed to cultivate up to four cannabis plants for personal use. The total amount of dried cannabis stored at home must not exceed 50 grams. Cultivation must be conducted in a private space where the plants are not visible to the public, to prevent any legal complications.

Cannabis Social Clubs

Malta has introduced a model of cannabis social clubs, which are non-profit organisations that allow members to collectively cultivate and consume cannabis. Each club is limited to 500 members and must operate within strict regulations, including maintaining a distance of at least 250 meters from schools or youth centres. Members can purchase up to 7 grams of cannabis per day and up to 50 grams per month from these clubs. These clubs are the only legal entities permitted to sell cannabis in Malta.

Medical Cannabis

Medical cannabis has been legal in Malta since 2018. Patients with qualifying medical conditions can obtain a prescription from a licensed healthcare provider and access cannabis-based treatments through authorised pharmacies. The use of medical cannabis is strictly regulated, and only specific products are approved for use.

CBD Products

Cannabidiol (CBD) products are legal in Malta, provided they contain no more than 0.2% tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). These products are widely available and are not subject to the same restrictions as cannabis products containing higher levels of THC.

Driving Under the Influence

Driving under the influence of cannabis is illegal in Malta. Law enforcement authorities have the right to conduct roadside drug tests, and drivers found to have any detectable level of THC in their system can face penalties, including fines and licence suspension.

Tourists and Cannabis Laws

Tourists visiting Malta should be aware that while cannabis is legal for personal use, it is subject to strict regulations. Public consumption is prohibited, and cannabis can only be obtained through membership in a licensed cannabis social club. It is advisable for visitors to familiarise themselves with local laws and respect the regulations in place to avoid legal issues.

Public Perception and Cultural Context

The legalisation of cannabis in Malta has been a subject of public debate. Supporters argue that it allows for responsible use and reduces the strain on the criminal justice system, while opponents’ express concerns about potential health risks and the impact on society. The government has implemented educational campaigns to inform the public about the new laws and promote responsible use.

Recent Developments and Future Outlook

Since the enactment of the new cannabis laws, Malta has seen the establishment of several cannabis social clubs, providing a regulated environment for cannabis consumption. The government continues to monitor the implementation of the laws and is open to making adjustments as necessary to ensure public safety and the effectiveness of the regulations.

In Summary

Malta has legalised cannabis for recreational use, allowing adults to possess, cultivate, and consume cannabis within specified limits. Public consumption remains prohibited, and cannabis can only be obtained through membership in a licensed cannabis social club. Medical cannabis is legal and strictly regulated, while CBD products with low THC content are widely available. Driving under the influence of cannabis is illegal, and tourists should adhere to local laws and regulations.