Adults only (18+)

What Are Symptoms of Gouty Arthritis?

Gouty arthritis, commonly known as gout, is a type of inflammatory arthritis caused by the build-up of uric acid crystals in the joints. This build-up leads to sudden and intense episodes of joint pain and inflammation. Recognising the symptoms of gouty arthritis is important for early diagnosis and effective treatment, which can help prevent complications.

Sudden and Severe Joint Pain

The hallmark symptom of gouty arthritis is a sudden onset of intense joint pain. This pain often begins at night and can be severe enough to wake a person from sleep. The big toe joint is most commonly affected, but gout can also involve other joints such as the ankles, knees, wrists and fingers. The pain typically reaches its peak within 12 to 24 hours and may last for several days.

Swelling and Redness

Affected joints become swollen, tender and warm to the touch during a gout attack. The skin over the joint may appear red or purplish. The swelling and redness are signs of inflammation caused by the body’s reaction to the uric acid crystals.

Stiffness and Limited Movement

As the inflammation progresses, the affected joint may become stiff, making movement difficult. This stiffness can persist even after the intense pain subsides, affecting daily activities and mobility.

Recurrent Attacks

Gouty arthritis is characterised by episodes or flare-ups of symptoms, followed by periods of remission. Without treatment, these attacks may become more frequent, last longer and affect additional joints.

Tophi Formation

In chronic gout, hard lumps called tophi can develop under the skin around joints or in other areas such as the ears. Tophi are deposits of uric acid crystals and can cause joint deformity and discomfort if left untreated.

Other Possible Symptoms

Some people with gout may experience fever and fatigue during acute attacks. These systemic symptoms reflect the inflammatory nature of the condition.

When to Seek Medical Advice

Anyone experiencing sudden, severe joint pain with swelling and redness should seek medical attention promptly. Early diagnosis and treatment reduce the risk of joint damage and complications.

Summary

Symptoms of gouty arthritis include sudden severe joint pain, swelling, redness, stiffness and recurrent flare-ups. Chronic gout can lead to tophi formation. Recognising these signs early allows for timely treatment and improved outcomes.